Bighorn sheep are found in North America, mainly in regions like the Rocky Mountains, the Sierra Nevada, and other mountainous areas. They inhabit rugged landscapes such as mountains, cliffs, and canyons. Their preference for steep, rocky terrains showcases their remarkable climbing abilities. Bighorn sheep are large, sturdy animals. Rams (males) can weigh around 150 to 300 pounds, while ewes (females) are slightly smaller. Both sexes have distinctive curved horns that can grow up to 3 feet long. Their coats are usually a blend of brown, gray, and white. These sheep are well adapted to their rocky homes. Their hooves have a hard outer layer and a soft inner core that provide grip on uneven surfaces. Their specialized horns are used for defense and also to establish dominance among males during battles.

Bighorn sheep are herbivores, primarily grazing on grasses, shrubs, and other vegetation found in their mountainous habitats. They have a unique four-chambered stomach to efficiently digest their plant-based diet.

Female bighorn sheep give birth to one or two lambs. These lambs are born in the spring, and they quickly learn climbing skills from their mothers. Bighorn sheep are excellent climbers and can nimbly traverse steep cliffs and rocky slopes. They live in groups called herds, which can be made up of ewes, lambs, and younger males. During mating season, the males engage in head-butting contests to establish their dominance.

Bighorn sheep populations can be affected by habitat loss due to development and diseases spread from domesticated sheep. Conservation efforts aim to protect their habitats, manage disease risks, and ensure the survival of these iconic mountain-dwellers.