The Argali Gobi Sheep are wild sheep that live in the Gobi Desert; the desert's vast and rugged landscape provides them with the necessary cover and resources to survive. These sheep are very impressive in size, with males (rams) being larger than females (ewes). Rams can weigh up to 350 pounds and stand around 3.5 to 4 feet tall at the shoulder. Their body length, excluding the tail, can reach 4.5 to 6.5 feet. These sheep have a thick, woolly coat that helps them survive the extreme temperatures of the Gobi Desert. Both male and female Argali Gobi Sheep have horns, but the male's horns are much larger and more elaborate. The horns can grow to be over 6 feet long, with a characteristic curl. These impressive horns serve multiple purposes, such as defense against predators and competing with other males during mating season.

Argali Gobi Sheep are herbivores and mainly graze on a variety of desert plants, grasses, and shrubs. Their diet allows them to extract enough nutrients and moisture to sustain themselves in the dry desert environment. Living in the arid and challenging Gobi Desert, the Argali Gobi Sheep have developed several adaptations to cope with their environment. Their unique ability to conserve water allows them to go for long periods without drinking. They obtain most of their water from the plants they eat. Additionally, their keen sense of smell helps them locate food and water sources over long distances.

Argali Gobi Sheep are primarily diurnal, meaning they are active during the day. They are agile climbers and can navigate rocky terrain with ease. These sheep form herds, which usually consist of females, their young, and young males. Adult males often lead solitary lives or form small bachelor groups. During the breeding season, males compete for dominance by engaging in head-butting contests.

The Argali Gobi Sheep population is facing threats due to habitat loss, hunting, and competition for resources with livestock. They are listed as "near threatened" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Conservation efforts, including protected areas and monitoring, are essential to preserve their numbers and ensure their survival.